Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
NWO investeert zes miljoen in conflictonderzoek
7 juli 2009
De Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO) heeft
elf aanvragen gehonoreerd binnen het thema Conflict en Veiligheid.
Hiermee kunnen negen postdocs en twintig aio's vijf jaar lang
onderzoek doen en worden acht onderzoekers vrijgesteld van hun
onderwijsverplichtingen. Hun onderzoek zal nieuw inzicht bieden in de
maatschappelijke gevolgen van conflicten.
De 93 ingediende aanvragen zijn beoordeeld door wetenschappers uit
binnen- en buitenland én door een Maatschappelijke Adviesraad, met
daarin onder andere Randstad Holding, Forum en Cordaid. Bij de
beoordeling is dan ook niet alleen gelet op de wetenschappelijke
kwaliteit van de voorstellen, maar ook op het maatschappelijk belang
van de onderzoeksvoorstellen. Uiteindelijk zijn elf voorstellen
gehonoreerd en wordt er zo'n zes miljoen in deze voorstellen
geïnvesteerd.
NWO-thema Conflict en Veiligheid
Door globalisering, transnationale migratie en mobiliteit worden
samenlevingen steeds diverser. Culturele, etnische, religieuze,
klasse- en taalverschillen kunnen dan leiden tot scherpe
confrontaties. Onderzoek binnen het thema Conflict en veiligheid richt
zich op de belangrijke maatschappelijke vragen die uit dat conflict
voortkomen. De verschillende programmalijnen zijn zo opgezet dat
wetenschappers uit verschillende disciplines kunnen samenwerken.
Begin 2010 start een tweede ronde voor kortlopend onderzoek. Daarnaast
lanceert NWO in de zomer van 2009 in samenwerking met het ministerie
van Buitenlandse zaken het programma Cocoon. Dit programma is
onderdeel van het Thema Conflict en Veiligheid en is gericht op
onderzoek naar conflict en samenwerking rond natuurlijke hulpbronnen
in ontwikkelingslanden. De eerste subsidieoproep gaat in juli uit.
Het thema Conflict en Veiligheid is een initiatief van de NWO-gebieden
Maatschappij- en Gedragswetenschappen, Geesteswetenschappen en WOTRO
Science for Global Development. Bij de vormgeving van het thema zijn
verschillende externe partijen betrokken waaronder de ministeries van
BZK, Justitie, SZW, Defensie, BuZa en VROM en een aantal
maatschappelijke instellingen. Daarnaast heeft het thema een Comité
van Aanbeveling dat bestaat uit vier prominente (oud-)politici. Dat
zijn mr. dr. Job Cohen, prof. dr. Jan Pronk, dhr. Doekle Terpstra, en
prof. dr. Joris Voorhoeve.
Alle toekenningen op een rij
Hieronder vindt u een lijst met de gehonoreerde projecten op
alfabetische volgorde naar hoofdaanvrager.
..............................
Meer informatie:
* afdeling Voorlichting en Communicatie NWO
* t.: +31 (0)70 344 07 13, voorlichting@nwo.nl
* www.nwo.nl/conflict
Lijst van gehonoreerde projecten
Besmettelijk sociaal conflict: arbeidsconflicten als een bron van
strategisch leren
Dr. A. (Agnes) Akkerman, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen
This project studies the conditions under which industrial conflict is
contagious or not. The core hypothesis is that industrial conflict
produces important strategic information for other unions and
employers. It investigates whether waves of industrial conflict result
from the transmission of this strategic information. The project
studies: (a) the diffusion of strategic information in formal and
informal networks of negotiators for unions and employers; (b) worker
mobilization by negotiators and mass media; (c) institutional factors
that hinder or facilitate the diffusion of strategic information. The
communication infrastructure of industrial stakeholders actively
supports the dissemination of results and recommendations.
Politieke conflicten in vijf stelsels: de rol van burgers, media en
partijen in de politisering van immigratie en Europese integratie
Prof. dr. W. (Wouter) van der Brug, Universiteit van Amsterdam
Politics is essentially about conflict over issues. Yet, limited
knowledge exits of factors explaining why certain issues become object
of heightened conflict at a particular time or in a particular
country. This study enhances our understanding of issue evolution by
comparing political conflict over immigration and European integration
in five institutionally highly similar political systems, which vary
in the extent to which both issues have been politicised: the
Netherlands, Flanders, Denmark, Sweden and Wallonia. Three
interrelated PhD projects study the roles and reciprocal influences of
the media, citizens, and parties in the politicisation of immigration
and European integration.
De inbedding van criminele netwerken in lokale etnische
gemeenschappen: een bron van (etnisch) conflict?
Prof. mr. dr. H.G. (Henk) van de Bunt, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam
We challenge the assumption that criminal involvement of specific
ethnic minorities is the result of poverty and poor integration and
question whether this involvement is the source of local conflicts.
Criminal activities can be interpreted as an expression of resistance
against dominant society and as attractive means to acquire a certain
(luxurious) lifestyle. Research in two neighbourhoods on interactions
between criminal networks, local ethnic groups and global linkages
will provide an-swers as to whether and how criminal involvement of
immigrants leads to conflicts within their group, influences the
group?s integration into Dutch society and fuels conflicts in the
broader com-munity.
Herijking van politieke filosofie en recht: recht doen aan dynamiek en
hybride identificaties
Prof. dr. mr. W. (Wibren) van der Burg, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam
The presence of Islamic minorities in the Netherlands gives rise to
such intractable controversies as quarrels over headscarves in public
space and the refusal to shake hands. The dominant political theories
and legal doctrines (e.g., doctrines of human rights, neutrality and
separation of church and state) cannot adequately conceptualize those
conflicts, partly because they are static and focus on distinct
groups. This project aims to reconstruct those doctrines so that they
can deal more adequately with conflicts concerning religion in the
public sphere, specifically with regard to their dynamics and to their
connection with hybrid identification processes.
Vertegenwoordigende onderhandelingen: cross-level invloeden in
conflicten tussen groepen
Prof. dr. C.K.W. (Carsten) de Dreu, Universiteit van Amsterdam
To enable sound diagnosis, training and advice, this project takes a
multi-level/multi-function perspective on representative negotiation
in inter-group conflict in policy and industry. Three core outcomes -
(a) the development of creative agreements, (b) within-constituency
conflict and consensus, and (c) inter-group perceptions and hostility
- are considered to depend on (1) the representative's
individual-level cognition, affect, and motivation, (2)
within-constituency dynamics, and (3) the broader inter-group
relations. In 2 PhD and 1 Postdoc project hypotheses will be tested
using experiments, case studies, and quantitative surveys. Results
will be communicated in academic and professional publications and
will serve as input for training and development programs.
Waardenconflict: de invloed van verschillen in waarden op
conflictescalatie en effectiviteit van interventies.
Prof. dr. N. (Naomi) Ellemers, Universiteit Leiden
Previous research has addressed conflicts concerning the allocation of
scarce resources (money, space). However, differences in core values
(justice, religion), which often are embedded in people's
socio-cultural identities, have become common sources of conflict.
Unfortunately, we know very little about the mechanisms involved in
the development, escalation and reconciliation of value conflicts.
This project aims to address this issue, by taking a cross-levels
approach to examine how group identities affect interpersonal value
conflict. We will study (1) the development and escalation, (2) the
effectiveness of different interventions for reconciliation, and (3)
the impact of cultural differences in value conflict.
De dynamiek van hedendaags antisemitisme in een wereldwijde context
Prof. dr. E.E. (Evelien) Gans, Nederlands Instituut voor
Oorlogsdocumentatie
Since early Christianity 'the Jew' has been branded as 'the Other',
the incarnation of conflict. Thus, anti-Semitism served as a
meaningful frame to interpret threatening developments in society.
This project will examine the dynamics of contemporary anti-Semitism
in a globalising context, choosing the Netherlands as point of
departure. a. It will analyze the chemistry between Dutch
'traditional' and post-Holocaust anti-Jewish stereotypes and those
within the Turkish, Moroccan and Polish communities. b. It will
explore, in depth, the relationship between anti-Semitism,
anti-Zionism and Israel criticism. c. It will move from the
Netherlands to Morocco, Poland and Turkey, and back.
De rol van communicatie bij escalatie en de-escalatie van conflicten
tussen etnische groepen
Dr. E.H. (Ernestine) Gordijn, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
Dutch society seems to have transformed from a former 'beacon of
tolerance' to a society in which intolerant ideas are acceptable and
enacted. This observation inspired the proposal of a novel and dynamic
psychological model of conflict escalation and de-escalation between
ethnic groups. The model describes cross-level influences of
communication within and between groups about conflict. These
communications transform perceptions that individuals have about
themselves and other groups into destructive conflict behaviors or
more constructive behaviors through the experience of specific
emotions. This research proposal aims to test the new model, develop
interventions to de-escalate conflict, and evaluate their success.
Een comparatief onderzoek naar etno-religieuze conflicten in Indonesië
en de Filippijnen
Prof. dr. F.A.M. (Frans) Hüsken, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen
This research investigates the influence of ethno-religious
identification on support for collective violence among in areas of
actual and potential conflict in Indonesia (Maluku and Yogyakarta) and
the Philippines (Mindanao and Metro-Manila), while taking into account
theoretically relevant contextual variables at the individual and
societal level. Its innovative character lies in the application and
development of an integrated theory of intergroup conflict, in
formulating and empirically testing hypotheses for explaining
cross-cultural and inter-individual differences of latent conflicts.
It integrates theories and specific insights from anthropology,
sociology and religious studies.
Relaties tussen etnische diversiteit in lokale gemeenschappen met
solidariteit jegens de in-group en uitsluiting van out-groups
Prof. dr. P.L.H. (Peer) Scheepers, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen
We test hypotheses on the relationships between ethnic diversity in
localities with inter-ethnic contacts versus conflicts which, in turn,
affect solidarity with the (majority) in-group as well as exclusion of
(minority) out-groups. These hypotheses will be tested in a most
different selection of European countries with broad ranges of local
ethnic diversity, taking advantage of high-quality most similar
secondary data. These data will be analysed with hierarchical
structural equation models providing ample analytical possibilities to
specify elaborate (path-) models and simultaneously taking the
structure of the data (i.e., individuals nested in localities) into
account.
Lokale betrokkenheid bij rechtspleging in gebieden in transitie
Dr. C. (Carsten) Stahn, Universiteit Leiden
International judicial responses to conflict have been characterised
by ad hoc-ism and deference to externally driven reform agendas. This
project revisits contemporary practice from the perspective of
domestic constituencies. It examines the role of `local ownership'
from three angles. Pillar 1 reviews rationales and methodologies of
external intervention in justice responses. Pillar 2 examines the
societal impact of international criminal proceedings, based on
analysis of the first practice of the International Criminal Court
(ICC). Pillar 3 analyses whether and under what circumstances ICC
justice may contribute to capacity-building and legal harmonisation in
postconflict situations.
laatst gewijzigd op 7 juli 2009